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3.4 How Technology Spread: Medieval TimesVersion 1.3 February 2017Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â (Previous Version)
This chapter covers Eurasia in the period from about 1,500 years ago to about 500 years ago. In east Eurasia the Hans were succeeded by a number of Chinese empires with interludes of warring states, and India saw many empires rise and fall, eventually succumbing to the Moghuls.  In west Eurasia the Roman Empire split, the western half fell and Europe saw a few empires rise and fall, and the eastern half became the Byzantine Empire which lasted until the 1400s when it eventually fell to the Turks. In the Americas the Aztec and Incan Empires rose but fell to European invaders and their diseases.
Much of our knowledge of this period comes from written material, including written laws, trading and accounting records, plays and poems, and philosophical and religious writing. This material is still supplemented and cross referenced to artefacts, ancient ruins, and other scientific evidence. We propose to look at how we know what we know about history under the following headings:
As stated in the chapter overview, this is the current summary of our conclusions in this area: Farmers began to produce a surplus which allowed societies to support rulers, priests, trades and craft workers and merchants, and early civilisations adopted different solutions to local problems, developing technology, trade, counting, arithmetic, taxation, money, writing, legal systems, religion and philosophy.  more                                                             Statement 17
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